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IMPACT FACTOR: 6.673

Submission last date: 20th September 2026

The universe as a relational system: A novel quantum-cosmological model “one plus one equals four” and “folding energy”

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Author: 
LIE Chun Pong
Page No: 
1373-1375

This paper proposes a speculative conceptual model in which the observable universe is not an isolated physical system but part of a larger relational structure involving one or more corresponding sectors of spacetime. The central proposition is expressed symbolically as “one plus one equals four.” This statement is not intended to challenge the arithmetic identity 1+1=2. Rather, it represents the possibility that two apparently distinct cosmic domains may generate a four-dimensional relational structure when their geometric, causal, and informational connections are taken into account. Our model explores several ideas drawn from modern theoretical physics, including the causal structure of spacetime, black-hole horizons, light cones, quantum information, vacuum fluctuations, symmetry, topology, and extra-dimensional geometry. It is suggested that a black hole may be considered not merely as an astrophysical object but also as a boundary through which information is transformed, encoded, or related to another sector of spacetime. The paper further introduces the term “folding energy” to describe a hypothetical form of effective energy associated with the geometric deformation, compactification, or interconnection of spatial regions. This research  proposal remains conceptual and does not constitute an experimentally validated physical theory. Its purpose is to formulate a coherent research framework that may inspire further mathematical investigation concerning the relationship between quantum information, black-hole geometry, vacuum structure, and the global topology of the universe.

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