The article provides an in-depth analysis of the role, content, and implementation methods of social work in hospitals, with a focus on the practice at Children’s Hospital 2. Through practical surveys and quantitative analysis, the research shows that social work has played a significant role in supporting pediatric patients and their families, reducing the burden on medical staff, and enhancing the overall quality of healthcare services. However, the implementation process still faces several challenges such as a lack of dedicated staff, limited interdisciplinary coordination, and uneven awareness among doctors, medical staff, and patients' families about the role of social work. In particular, given that the hospital is a central facility receiving a large number of pediatric patients from various provinces, the pressure on psychological counseling, economic support, and post-treatment care orientation further emphasizes the need for professionalization in social work. In response to these challenges, the article proposes several strategic solutions, including: improving the organizational model of social work in hospitals, enhancing training and professional development for social work staff, promoting the use of information technology in managing and connecting patient support services, and increasing awareness and skills for interdisciplinary coordination within the hospital environment. These solutions aim to professionalize and sustainably develop social work in healthcare, particularly in central pediatric hospitals.