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Submission last date: 20th September 2026

Revise of the cosmological constant: Dark energy, dark matter, and the accelerated expansion of the universe

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Author: 
LIE Chun Pong
Page No: 
1385-1387

Recently, due to the latest discovery by the Jame Webb Telescope, the cosmological constant equation H is incomplete, since it can’t solve the James Wd measuring difference problem, which means the conventional Hubble constant needs to be revised. The standard cosmological model explains the Universe's large-scale evolution through the interaction of matter, radiation, dark matter, and dark energy. Within this framework, the conventional cosmological constant is commonly associated with the energy density of the vacuum and is used to account for the Universe's observed accelerated expansion. However, the physical interpretation of Λ remains unsettled, particularly because the observed magnitude of dark energy is extraordinarily large compared with theoretical estimates of vacuum energy. This paper examines the conceptual relationship among cosmological distance, recession velocity, dark matter, dark energy, and the cosmological constant. Since the recent discovery of the cosmic, results have differed significantly, so the conventional Hubble constant may need to be corrected or even revived. To address this issue, we propose an innovative new Cosmo constant relation with Dark Energy/Dark Matter as a new L0Cosmo constant to revive and revise the Hubble constant. In addition, this paper further distinguishes dark matter from dark energy: dark matter contributes gravitationally to structure formation and cosmic deceleration, whereas dark energy is associated with the acceleration of cosmic expansion. A ρ density-ratio parameter may be introduced as a phenomenological diagnostic; the new ratio should be identified as the flexible cosmological density constant (Appendix 1).

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