For real mathematics learning to take place, teachers must identify, develop, and implement strategies that are effective in a social context. Teaching must be centered on teaching and learning approaches that promote high content retention and promote creativity in learners such as project-based learning. In this literature review, the researcher uses various sources such as articles, journals and publications that are relevant to the topic to define project-based learning in the context of mathematics teaching and learning. The researcher also reviews how mathematics teachers perceive project-based learning, giving an example of a project-based learning task in mathematics in senior high school grade. The paper then discusses the role of the teacher in project-based learning steps. The paper concludes with an explanation about the contributions of this review to the general body of mathematics education.